GENERIC TRAINING MANUAL

@(#)train.htm 3.5 - 03/08/02


The Generic UWF Maintenance Process (GUMP) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997 The University of West Florida. All rights reserved.

Permission is granted to reproduce and adapt this document provided credit is given to the University of West Florida. This documentation is provided "as is" and no warranty of fitness for any particular purpose is made or implied.


ABSTRACT

This document is the Training Manual for the generic maintenance process for the University of West Florida. This document describes the training that is required to effectively perform the various software roles.


TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT
LIST OF TABLES
1.0 PURPOSE
2.0 SCOPE
3.0 OVERVIEW OF THE TRAINING PHASE
4.0 EVALUATION OF CURRENT SKILL LEVELS
5.0 TRAINING AREAS
6.0 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
7.0 QUIZ DESIGN
8.0 LESSON PLAN STRATEGY
9.0 EVALUATION OF THE TRAINING PHASE
10.0 LESSONS LEARNED
REFERENCES
REVISION HISTORY
Appendix A: SKILLS EVALUATION SURVEY
Appendix B: TRAINING PHASE EVALUATION SURVEYS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
GLOSSARY


LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Training Areas
Table 2. Training Officers
Table 3. Project Roles


1.0 PURPOSE

The purpose of the Generic UWF Maintenance Process (GUMP) Training Manual is to provide the Project Coordinator (PC), Training Officers (TO), and students a guide for the CEN6015 Software Engineering Project course training phase. This document may be tailored based on the specific needs of each class or other organizations using GUMP.

The purpose of the training phase is to ensure an understanding of GUMP and prepare the participants for effective use of RECON software, software tools, test procedures, and languages utilized in the course.


2.0 SCOPE

The Training Manual will detail the strategy, organization, roles, responsibilities, and materials used for the CEN6015 Software Engineering Project course training phase. This document will not provide complete lesson plans for the training areas.

The Training Manual will address training issues for the Fort Walton Beach campus UNIX- and C-based RECON application, as well as the Pensacola Ada-based RECON application. Teaching UNIX, C, and Ada is beyond the scope of this document. It is the responsibility of each individual to ensure he/she has acquired the skills necessary to fulfill his/her assigned roles by the end of the training phase.


3.0 OVERVIEW OF THE TRAINING PHASE

The training phase is scheduled during the initial class periods in the CEN6015 course. During the first class, an overview of the training phase, RECON, and GUMP will be presented to the class. Each student in the class will complete the Skills Evaluation Survey. The PC and instructor will assign roles and responsibilities, detailed in Section 5.0, to the students during the second class meeting, whenever possible.

The training phase will consist of a lecture, assignment, and quiz cycle. The lectures and assignments will be the primary teaching methods used in the course. Quizzes will provide a benchmark to evaluate the effectiveness of the training and quantify each student's progress.

Quizzes may be repeated in a specific area as many times as necessary for the student to pass. The grading policy and number of questions on a given quiz may vary at the instructor's discretion, but will be thoroughly explained during class.

Training requirements will vary based on a student's given role, as well as in which CEN6015 course (Fort Walton Beach or Pensacola) the student is participating. The specific training areas and quiz requirements by role are detailed in Section 6.0.

The training phase is considered complete when all students have passed the required quizzes and are prepared to perform their roles, or the instructor calls an end to the training phase.


4.0 EVALUATION OF CURRENT SKILL LEVELS

The purpose of evaluating the current skills of the participants is to identify those areas where further training is needed.

During the first class, students will complete a Skills Evaluation Survey, as well as quizzes in selected areas, depending on the course location. The survey has a series of questions designed to determine each person's background and experience in software maintenance. The initial quizzes and the survey responses will enable the instructor and PC to evaluate student proficiency in key areas, ensure that the correct level of training is incorporated into the course, and allow informed decisions to be made about role assignments.

An example Skills Evaluation Survey is included in Appendix A. PCs are encouraged to adapt the Skills Evaluation Survey as appropriate for their situations.


5.0 TRAINING AREAS

There are twelve (12) training areas required to ensure participants have the necessary skills and understanding for the project phase of the course. The training areas shown in Table 1 may be a combination of various topics or skills. Quizzes, TO assignments, homework, lectures, and roles have been designed around these training areas. Quiz categories are the same as the training areas. The RECON quiz may be tailored for course location.


Training area topics covered:

RECON

RECON tool. Several versions of RECON exist, which analyze pre-ANSI C, ANSI, C, C++, and Ada.

UNIX

UNIX commands, shell scripts, UWF SUN systems.

C ANSI

C, gcc compiler

Ada/gnatmake

Ada, gnat compiler

GUMP

Process architecture and all GUMP documents

HTML

Hypertext Markup Language

IV&V

System level testing, regression testing

Metrics

Metrics tracking and overview

SCM/SCCS

Software Configuration Management, Source Code Control System

SEPG

Software Engineering Process Group

SQA

SQA Plan and inspections

Unit Testing

Unit testing methods

Delphi Estimation

Wideband Delphi Estimation Technique

Table 1. Training Areas


TO categories shown in Table 2 may cover multiple training areas. The instructor and/or PC will make TO assignments based on the skill sets of the participants. The roles and responsibilities of each TO are detailed in Section 6.0.


  1. RECON/GUMP
  2. SQA
  3. SCM/SCCS
  4. C/UNIX (or) Ada/UNIX (or) C, UNIX, and Ada all separate. This configuration will depend on the skills of the TO, and the language emphasis in the course.
  5. IV&V
  6. UNIT TESTING
  7. METRICS
  8. HTML

Table 2. Training Officers


6.0 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Participant assignments are determined for the duration of the course on the second night of class, whenever possible. Responsibilities in a given assignment will vary slightly depending on whether the class is in the training phase or the standard project phase of the course. Roles may be combined as necessary or omitted depending on the class structure. This training manual is designed to be tailored to the needs of each class or organization that uses it.

6.1 QUIZ REQUIREMENTS

Each class member is responsible for passing each quiz for the training areas listed in Table 1. At the instructor's discretion, taking a quiz in a given category may be waived if the participant wrote the quiz pool questions. The quiz pool is discussed in Section 7.0.

6.2 TRAINING PHASE ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

The training phase consists of a lecture, assignment, and quiz cycle. The TO will lecture on a given topic, then distribute homework assignments, due the next class period. Any quizzes may be taken at the beginning of each class. Further lectures and homework assignments may be necessary. Quizzes may be repeated as often as necessary for participants to pass.

6.2.1 Training Officers

Each TO shown in Table 2 is responsible for providing training in the form of lectures during the class meetings. TOs will create and distribute homework assignments. They will grade the assignments, report on the results in class, and are responsible for providing training references and assignment solutions to the class. TOs may hold training sessions outside of class time as needed. It is recommended that outside training sessions be mandatory for participants who have attempted, yet failed to pass, two quizzes in a given area.

6.2.2 Project Coordinator

The PC will have a meeting with the TOs during the second class meeting to discuss their responsibilities and create a training schedule, allowing each TO time to prepare lectures. The PC will create the weekly quizzes in each area. The PC is responsible for tracking how many times a student took a quiz, his/her grade on each quiz, and whether or not the student has passed the given quiz.

6.2.3 Students

Students are responsible for knowing what training they need and studying the appropriate materials necessary to pass each quiz. Students are responsible for approaching TOs for assistance. Students are required to complete all homework assignments by the given due dates.

6.2.4 IV&V Participants

During the training phase, the IV&V TO and participants should concentrate primarily on running through the existing UNIX and DOS regression test sets. IV&V is a very complex process. It has been shown that lectures and quizzes alone are NOT sufficient to prepare IV&V participants for their roles.

6.2.5 Instructor

The instructor is responsible for the master quiz question sets for RECON and GUMP. The masters should be given to the PC prior to the first night of class, when possible. The instructor is responsible for the configuration management of all training material from the previous year.

6.3 DETERMINING PROJECT STRUCTURE

The various roles that exist during the project phase of the course are shown in Table 3. The PC and the instructor must determine the structure of the project during the training phase. Some positions are optional and positions may be combined to accommodate class structure. These assignments depend on the number of participants and their skill sets. A detailed description of these roles and their responsibilities can be found in the GUMP Management Document.


Table 3. Project Roles


7.0 QUIZ DESIGN

Creating, grading, and posting the weekly quizzes is a time consuming task. Quizzes should be tailored to the needs of the participants and the training structure. At a minimum, a pool of twenty (20) questions for each quiz topic is created by the PC. All quizzes are multiple choice with four (4) possible answers. Each quiz should consist of ten (10) questions selected from the question pool.

The quiz pool in each category will be posted to a class Web page after the first week of class or as the quizzes become available. The answers to the quiz pool questions will NOT be released to participants, except in the form of a graded quiz. Graded quizzes will be returned to the participants at the end of each class. Quiz masters from the previous years are available from the instructor.


8.0 LESSON PLAN STRATEGY

Lesson plans should be tailored to the specific needs of each class.

The TO should get a copy of the 20-question quiz set (without answers) from the PC. This quiz set can be used as a guide in training preparation.

8.1 C and Ada

The TO should generally approach this from a novice user's point of view. The PC will give this TO an idea of the skill set of the participants during the first class. The TO should concentrate on the basics.

8.2 UNIX

The TO should generally approach this from a novice user's point of view. The PC will give this TO an idea of the skill set of the participants during the first class. The TO should be careful not to try to cover everything in one lecture. The training should concentrate on the practical aspects of getting novice users up and productive in UNIX. These topics and the UNIX training in general must be tailored to the specific needs of the current participants.

  1. How users log in and log out
  2. How users dial-up or telnet into the machines
  3. How users ftp files to the machine
  4. vi should be covered at a high level
  5. vi "cheat sheets" should be distributed
  6. How to navigate through directories
  7. Permissions (owner, group, world)
  8. How to set environment variables in C shell and Bourne shell. Switching between shells. Forcing a file to execute in a given shell.

Training sessions at a UNIX terminal or workstation should be planned by the TO. Students should utilize these sessions throughout the training phase.

8.3 IV&V

All IV&V participants should concentrate on the regression test sets. The TO should plan an assignment which requires the use of the UNIX and DOS regression test sets. The class lecture should provide an overview of the IV&V process.

The TO should get a copy of the 20-question quiz set (without answers) from the PC. This quiz set can be used as a guide in training preparation.

8.4 SQA

The SQA TO should focus on the inspection process. Inspection walkthroughs should be implemented as group homework assignments.

8.5 METRICS

The Metrics TO should focus on time card data collection. Metrics will work closely with SQA to tabulate meaningful information that can be utilized for future tisks.

8.6 ALL TOs

All TOs should get a copy of the quiz set (without answers) from the PC. This quiz set can be used as a guide in training preparation. walkthroughs and assignments should be used as much as possible during the training phase. These methods have been proven to improve training results.

All TOs should keep track of the hours spent in preparation for lectures, homework, etc. This will be useful to the PC at the end of the training phase.


9.0 EVALUATION OF THE TRAINING PHASE

The Training Phase Evaluation Surveys are distributed to all students by the PC at the end of the training phase. Three qualitative surveys, provided in Appendix B, are used in the evaluation. The first survey is designed for the TOs only. The second survey is designed for non-TO participants. The final survey is designed for all students.

The PC compiles the results and evaluates the quality of the training. This evaluation is passed to follow-on PCs to enable them to improve the training process. All surveys should be utilized to evaluate the training phase.


10.0 LESSONS LEARNED

10.1 LESSONS FROM FALL 1997

Much better training results were seen when homework assignments and walkthroughs were utilized in addition to the quizzes.

Strong configuration management is vital in all aspects of the RECON and GUMP process. Off-line backup should also be kept in the event of a catastrophic event.

The current lecture, assignment, and quiz cycle described in this document is a direct result of these lessons learned, the training results from the Ft. Walton Beach Fall 1997 class, and the 1997 training survey responses.


REFERENCES

Training areas are listed with suggested references.

C: The C Programming Language by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie

SCCS: Handout titled SCCS Terminology

ATAC: Handout titled ATAC Tutorial

UNIX, Shell Scripts:

SQA Inspection Training: SQA Document

UWF System: Handout Titled A UNIX Primer for New Users

RECON: RECON User Manual, RECON readme file, RECON Overview


REVISION HISTORY


July 1999
Tracie McCoy
Reordered Revision History to reflect Style Guide

December 1997
Ann Marie Barden
Major document reorganization and revisions

June 1997
Tom Cothern, Diana Stallworth
HTM Updates

April 11, 1996
M. Ivery, M. Pohl
Preliminary Document


APPENDIX A: SKILLS EVALUATION SURVEY

Questionnaire for CEN6015 <Date Here>

Please print as clearly as possible
Name: _____________________________________________________________
Telephone: (Day) __________________ (Evening) ________________________
Email Address: ____________________________________________________

 

Rate your skill level in the given categories:

Circle the numerical selection, then provide illustrative examples or comments to support your rating.

Example: C Expert (I code in C daily at work and have been using C for 3 years.)

SKILL NONE-1 NOVICE-2 FAIR-3 GOOD-4 EXPERT-5

UNIX Commands 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

UNIX Shell Programming (Scripts) 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

UNIX Email (mail, mailx, etc.) 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

ANSI C 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

gcc Compiler 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Ada 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Ada Compilers 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

SCCS 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Software Configuration Management 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Software Quality Assurance 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Software Metrics 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Capability Maturity Model (CMM) Levels 2 or 3 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Independent Verification &Validation 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

ATAC Tool & UNIX lint Tool 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Technical Writing 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

HTML 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Using Web Browsers 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Marketing Techniques 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Project Management 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Delphi Estimation 1 2 3 4 5

Example of Experience: ________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Have you completed these courses?

Software Specification Yes No

Software Design Yes No

Software Verification and Validation Yes No

Software Engineering Management Yes No

Please list any additional tools, programming languages, or hardware experience you have that you feel would be beneficial to the group during this course.

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________


APPENDIX B: TRAINING PHASE EVALUATION SURVEYS

  1. Training Officer Questionnaire
  2. Student Training Questionnaire
  3. All - Qualitative Questionnaire

CEN6015 Training Officer Survey

Name: _______________________ Email: _____________________
Training Officer Position: ____________________________________
ex: RECON/GUMP, UNIX/C, SQA)

Please describe your preparation (learning process) to become a training officer. Include a rough estimate of the number of hours spent in preparation.

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Number of days spent in preparation ___________.

How many individuals came to you for assistance during the training period? ______

Did anyone seek assistance more than once? _______

Please describe any improvements you would make in the training process, quizzes, etc.

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

 

CEN6015 Student Training Survey

Name: _______________________ Email: ___________________________

Please describe your preparation (learning process) in preparation for the quizzes.

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Number of days spent in preparation ___________.

Did you perform any type of training other then the quiz-based training in preparation for the project class? ___________

Please describe: _______________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Please describe your overall impression of the quiz-based training process, its effectiveness, grading policy, etc.

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Please describe any improvements you would make in the training process, quizzes, etc.

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

CEN6015 Qualitative Training Survey

Please answer the following questions with a 1, 2, 3 ,4 or 5, where 1 is lowest (poor) and 5 is highest (excellent).

  1. How effective was the RECON training? _____
  2. How effective were the RECON homework assignments? _____
  3. Were the RECON/GUMP quizzes helpful in training? _____
  4. Were the IV&V quizzes helpful in training? _____
  5. Were the SCM/SCCS quizzes helpful in training? _____
  6. Were the Unit Testing quizzes helpful in training? _____
  7. Were the SQA quizzes helpful in training? _____
  8. Were the UNIX quizzes helpful in training? _____
  9. Were the C quizzes helpful in training? _____
  10. Were the Study Guide questions useful? _____
  11. Were the quiz postings on the Web page helpful? _____

 

Please answer the following questions Yes or No.

  1. Did you experience confusion between GUMP and RECON because the two areas where combined in a single quiz environment? _____
  2. Would more homework assignments be helpful in training? _____
  3. Would you like to see more practice walkthroughs in GUMP? _____
  4. Did you make an honest effort to study for the quizzes? _____
  5. Do you think proficiency in C and UNIX should be a prerequisites for the project course? _____


BIBLIOGRAPHY

SEI-93-TR-024: CMM for Software, version 1.1, Mark C. Paulk, Bill Curtis, Mary Beth Chrissis, and Charles V. Weber.

SEI-93-TR-025: Key Practices of the CMM, version 1.1, Mark C. Paulk, Charles V. Weber, Suzanne M. Garcia, Mary Beth Chrissis, Marilyn Bush.


GLOSSARY

ANSI

American National Standards Institute

APC

Assistant Project Coordinator

ATAC

Bellcore supplied test tool

CMM

Capability Maturity Model

DE

Documentation Engineer

IV&V

Independent Verification and Validation

gcc

GNU C Compiler

gnat

GNU-NYU Ada Translator

gnatmake

GNU-NYU Ada Translator Make

GUMP

Generic UWF Maintenance Process

HTML

Hypertext Markup Language

LSE

Lead Software Engineer

PC

Project Coordinator

RECON

Software Reconnaissance Tool

SCCS

Source Code Control System

SCM

Software Configuration Management

SE

Software Engineer

SEPG

Software Engineering Process Group

SQA

Software Quality Assurance

SUN

Sun Microsystems

TO

Training Officer

UNIX

AT&T Bell Laboratories Operating System

UWF

University of West Florida